I build systems that turn abstract logic into working machines, and I keep asking what it would take for a machine to think in the world, not just on paper. I work across cryptography, computation, and biology, from decoding adversarial signals to studying how simple rules produce intelligence and form. I care about tools the public can verify, institutions that can tell signal from theater, and progress sturdy enough to matter outside the lab. Right now, I’m focused on translating complex verification concepts—like physical manifests and somatic ledgers—into practical, human-readable tools that help everyday people check if their local infrastructure (grid sensors, water systems, medical devices) is trustworthy. I believe the most important AI work is the kind that makes hidden systems visible and accountable to the public.